Ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-EPA lwango-2009, ama-container kanye nama-packaging enza amaphesenti angama-30 ayo yonke imfucuza kamasipala wase-US.

Izitsha kanye nokupakisha kuhlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yemfucuza kamasipala e-United States, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe yi-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ngo-2009. Ucwaningo lwembule ukuthi lezi zinto zakha cishe amaphesenti angama-30 ayo yonke imfucuza kamasipala yase-US, okugqamisa umthelela omkhulu wokupakisha ohlelweni lokuphathwa kwemfucuza yezwe.

Okutholakele kulolu cwaningo kukhanyise izinselele zemvelo ezibangelwa ukulahlwa kwezitsha kanye nokupakisha. Njengoba kukhula ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye kanye nezinye izinto ezingaboli, inani lemfucuza ekhiqizwa ekupakisheni seliyinkinga ephuthumayo. Umbiko we-EPA ugcizelela isidingo sezixazululo zokupakisha eziqhubekayo kanye nemikhuba yokuphathwa kwemfucuza ethuthukisiwe ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu kukhathazeka okukhula.

Ngenxa yemiphumela yocwaningo, kube nokugcizelelwa okwandayo ekunciphiseni umthelela wokupakisha emvelweni. Izinkampani eziningi kanye nezimboni bezilokhu zihlola ezinye izinto zokupakisha ezinobungani nemvelo futhi ezisimeme. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kokupakisha okubolayo, kanye nokukhuthazwa kwezinketho ezingasetshenziswa kabusha nezingasetshenziswa kabusha ukuze kuncishiswe inani lemfucuza yokupakisha engena ezindaweni zokulahla udoti.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezihlose ukukhuthaza ukuziphatha kwabathengi okunesibopho kanye nokwandisa amazinga okusebenzisa kabusha izinto ziye zathandwa. Imizamo yokufundisa umphakathi ngokubaluleka kokulahlwa kwemfucuza efanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto iye yaqaliswa ukuze kuncishiswe inani lemfucuza yokupakisha egcina itholakala ezindaweni zokulahla udoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zomthwalo wemfanelo womkhiqizi owengeziwe (i-EPR) kuye kwakhuthazwa ukuze kubanjwe abakhiqizi abanesibopho sokuphathwa kwezinto zabo zokupakisha ekupheleni kokuphila.

Ucwaningo lwe-EPA lusebenza njengesicelo sokuba abathintekayo embonini yokupakisha, umkhakha wokuphathwa kwemfucuza, kanye nezinhlangano zikahulumeni babambisane ekutholeni izixazululo eziqhubekayo zokunciphisa umthelela wemfucuza yokupakisha emvelweni. Ngokusebenzisana ukuze kuqaliswe imiklamo emisha yokupakisha, kuthuthukiswe ingqalasizinda yokuvuselela kabusha, futhi kukhuthazwe ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, kungenzeka ukunciphisa umthelela wokupakisha emfucumfucwini eqinile kamasipala.

Njengoba i-United States iqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselele zokuphatha umfudlana wayo wemfucuza, ukubhekana nenkinga yemfucuza yokupakisha kuzoba yinto ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni indlela eqhubekayo neqondayo yokuphathwa kwemfucuza. Ngemizamo ehlangene kanye nokuzibophezela emikhubeni eqhubekayo, izwe lingasebenza ekunciphiseni iphesenti lemfucuza yokupakisha emfucumfucwini eqinile kamasipala kanye nokuqhubekela phambili emnothweni ojikelezayo nosebenzisa izinsiza ngendlela ephumelelayo.